chambers



2 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

A. M. CHAMBERS 8a T. SMITH METHOD 0F GOKING GOAL N. PETERS, Mu-umagnpher, wuhinglun, D4 C (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2;

A. M. CHAMBERS & T. SMITH. METHOD OP GOKING GOAL.

No. 320,627. Patented June 23, `1885.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICEC7 ARTHUR MARSHALL CHAMBERS AND THOMAS SilIlTH, OF SHEFFIELD,

COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND. i

METHOD OF COKING COAL.

SSLL'EGIFCATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,627, dated June 23, 1885.

Application filed November 12, 1884.

(No model.) Patented in England March 11, 1884, No. 4,708; in Germany August 25, 1884,

No. 36,724; in France September 2, 15184, No. 151,508, and in Belgium September 1884, No. 48,513.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ARTHUR MARSHALL CHAMBERS and THOMAS SMITH, subjects ot' the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Sheffield, in the county of York, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Method of Goking Coal; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or gures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a cokeoven, showing our improvement. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are horizontal sections at different heights of three similar ovens arranged side by side.

Similar letters of reference relate to the same parts in the several figures.

Our invention is more especially applicable to the coke-ovens for which a patent in the United States of America was granted to AR- THUR MARSHALL CHAMBERS, dated January 25, A. D. 1881, and numbered 236,933; but it is also applicable to other kinds of coke-ovens, as hereinafter described. V

In the drawings, a is the body of the cokeoven, which is sh own dome or bee-hive shaped and circular in plan.

b is an opening or doorway, through which coal or other material to be coked or carbonized can be introduced and the coke Withdrawn, this opening being built up or closed, so as to be air-tight during thel process of burning.

c is a central opening in the crown of the oven, through which the coal can also be in* troduced, and which can also be closed air-l tight; and e is a passage or Hue communicating with a chimney, but which can be closed by an air-tight door, or built up, as shown in the drawings.

g is a pipe of cast-iron or other suitable material surrounding the crown of the oven close to the fire-brick lining ofthe latter, one of its ends being brought to the front of the oven and provided with an adjustable regulatingvalve at h. The pipe g passes horizontally round the oven, and is then turned inward at i, its open end being directed across the oven horizontally, or preferably slightly upward. so that air forced in may not be directed downward upon the surface of the coal being coked.

The floor ofthe oven slopes gradually down toward the front, and a u n, Figs. l and 4, are a number of grooves or channels in it covered with perforated tiles or plates, as shown at m m m, Figs. l and 5, the channels n n n all converging and leading to the lowest point, where they communicate with a pipe, o, which is earried down and communicates by the pipe 1 with condensing apparatus of' any of the ordinary well-known kinds. (Not shown in the drawings.)

p is a regulating-valve, by which the oven can be Shut off from the pipe r and the condenscrs.

The outer end of the pipe g, at g', is connected to air-pumping machinery or to a fan or fans. 7L is a regulatingvalve, by which the pipe g can be closed.

Z is a small pipe provided with an air-tight cover, through which the state of the interior of the oven can be observed.

The oven being filled with coal or other material to be carbonized, the coal is lighted and the openings into it are all built up or closed air-tight. Air is then forced from the air pump or fan through the valve h into the pipe g, where it becomes' heated, and is nally discharged horizontally or directed slightly upward into the oven at i'. As all the other openings into the oven are closed, the heated air by which sufficient combustion of the coal to effect coking is caused, and the products of Such combustion, as well as the gases evolved by the coal, are forced downward through the mass of coal, an d thence through the perforated tiles m m m and channels n n n, through the pipes o and r, to the condenser, whence the uncondensable vapors may be discharged into the open air or into a chimney; or any inflammable gas may be conducted away and utilized by burning in the furnaces of boilers or otherwise. The volatile and other liquids and vapors-such as tar, heavy and light hydrocarbon oils, ammoniacal liquor, and the other well-known products from the carbonization of coal-are cooled and condensed in the condensers, and* subsequently removed and utilized.

XVe do not admit gas into the oven, as the' heated air forced through the pipe z' into the upper part is sufficient to carry on the process of coking, and the pipe at i, being directed horizontally or slightly upward, the pressure upon the surface of the coal is uniform7 and the latter Vis not burned away and injured.

As the hot air introduced at z' is drawn directly through the carbonaceous material undergoing treatment, and nothing else whatever is admitted or returned to the space above the said material, the work of combustion and elimination of volatile elements will obviously be more rapid and effective than it could be if the air thus admitted were mingled with gas or other diluting material. The oxygen will have a better opportunity to do its work.

The lowest part of the floor of the oven may be made at the center or other convenient point, instead of at the front, as shown.

' Our invention may be applied to ovens rectangular or other shape in plan, and the hot air may be forced in through either one or more openings, horizontal or directed slightly upward, and any number of ovens may be arranged side by side or in other convenient position. By the regulatingvalves p any of the ovens can be cut off from the pipes a-nd condensers when required.

The quantity and quality of the coke produced are not injuriously affected by the pro cess, and great saving is effected by the utilization in the manner described by the products of 4o carbonization of the coal or other material.

Ve are aware that it is not new to provide a coke-oven with a pipe for drawing the products of combustion down through the coal, and an additional pipe which surrounds the upper part of the oven and conveys air to the interior thereof, this air not being discharged downward toward the coal undergoing treatment, but mingling with gas,which is returned to the upper part of said oven after being drawn out, as aforesaid, the mingled air and gas supporting combustion, as described. XVe therefore do not claim either the construction and combination of the oven and auxiliary pipes aforesaid, nor the method of operation.

What we do claim is- The method of coking consisting in introducing an upwardly or horizontally directed current of hot air alone to the interior of the upper part of the oven and drawing the products of combustion down through the coal, the oven being without other inlet than said hot-air pipe during said operation, and the direction of the jet or current of air away from the coal, insuring uniform pressure'on the latter and preventing it from being burned away or injured, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR. MARSHALL CHAMBERS. THOMAS SMITH.

Vitn esses:

HERBERT SMITH, VINCENT Ronenns. 

